The Importance Of Women During The Slave Exchange

Understanding the importance of women in regards to the slave exchange is essential for gaining insight into the investigation of slave society by and large. Not only were female slave subordinate in view of race however they likewise shared the trials of the abuse of the female sexual orientation. The black woman assumed a key part in the advancement of slave groups through the improvement of African Sexuality, Family Structure and Economic Productivity. It is in this manner that I will approach the slave exchange from a female viewpoint to comprehend the advancement of these slave groups. The African female did not soley serve as a financial attribute when bought as a slave. Regular sexual obligations and childbearing were expected and†¦show more content†¦Shockingly, on the other hand, this romanticized perspective of the dark lady did not command originations of the time. Numerous European eyewitnesses saw African ladies as rough and creature like in light of the fact that they were physically fit for doing likewise work in the fields as their male partners. White female workers were not equipped for performing the same undertakings thus the strength of structure of dark females was adversely contrasted with European ladies. There is additionally proof of various issues between white men and dark ladies making a huge mulatto populace and incredibly prompting the displeasure of a little European female populace. A woman in the book of Dubois speaks to the animalization and molestation of black women in saying, â€Å"I shall never forgive, neither in this world nor the world to come: its wanton and continued and persistent insulting of the black womanhood whit it sought and seeks to prostitute its lust.† There are a couple contrasting perspectives on the development of marriage in the slave arrangement of the Atlantic World by today s history specialists and social investigators. While some scholars guarantee that family development was simply one more type of mastery by the white man, social scholars battle that family structure helped with framing connection ties and different types of society

The Slavery Of The United States - 1808 Words

Slavery is one of many unfortunate commonalities among cultures, along with war, governmental corruption, and poverty. Nearly every country on the planet, at some point in their history, has condoned the owning of humans by other humans. It may be tempting to view the establishment of the United States as an idyllic endeavor in which enlightened people joined together to create a new republic; however, choosing this view is ignoring the truth. Slave labor built this country from its infancy, and hundreds of thousands of African men, women, and children were exploited for the sake of cheap labor. Capturing native African people and using them as slaves was not a new idea. It had already been going on in Portugal for some 350 years , where Africans worked day in and day out in fields. Slavery was decreasing in Europe, but it still existed. The â€Å"New World,† which would eventually become the United States, was not expansive enough at first to need slave labor, but this soon changed. The colonies grew in size as more people traveled there and established trading posts and towns. The Dutch West India Company, a huge trading company located in what would become Manhattan, sold eleven enslaved Africans to Virginia, and the slaves, all male, arrived in 1626. They were forced to work in harsh conditions from sunup to sundown and were a driving force in building the infrastructure of the town. Sometime in the 1620’s, female slaves were brought to the town as well and the firstShow MoreRelatedSlavery And The United States891 Words   |  4 PagesThe Unites States during the 1850s was a harsh time for African Americans, not only were they treated extremely harsh; but many of them were slaves as well. Slavery was the topic of every discussion during this time period and the United States was literally split on the issue of slavery. A lot of the Southern States wanted to continue slavery because it was a way of life. Many of the southerners depend on slavery to help grow and harvest crops that were on acres and acres of land. Northerns, onRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1449 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Slavery is founded on the selfishness of man’s nature; opposition to it on his love for justice.† This saying by Abraham Lincoln tells us that people are really different when it comes to their beliefs and attitudes. Some are so focused on wealth, which is why they have slaves to work for free, and treated them as properties instead of real human beings. On the other hand, some people were against slavery because it violated the basic human rights like the right to life, liberty, and security.Read MoreSlavery And The United States848 Words   |  4 Pagesthe United States. During these years, many different topics were up for dispute and compromises were being negotiated. Unfortunately, it was hard for all of the citizens to come to a complete compromise for the disputes. Some states had similar opinions, while others were in a deadlock. One of the biggest disputes during this time were over slavery. While other disputes only involved a few states, slavery was a dispute that caused unrest between two distinctive regions in the United States: theRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States953 Words   |  4 PagesEvery country has a dark past, whether it’s about conquering land from Native Americans, or mass genocide of a single race. The United States was no different from the rest of the world, especially when slavery was involved. The South had its reasons on why to establish and justify the slavery system while the North rejected their beliefs. By focusing on the South’s argument, this will help to understand why they fought for their rights to keep slaves and understand how the African Americans wereRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1095 Words   |  5 Pagesattempted to cure their complete opposition on the regulation of slavery by using federal power to coerce an end to the feud, yet the movement increased tension between the divided nation. By invoking both legislative and judicial power, politicians used laws which included slave codes and freedom laws as well as court decisions like Dred Scott v Sandford (1875) to convince or force the population into acceptance of stances on slavery. Each party viewed their tactics and ideas to be righteous, andRead MoreSlavery And The Un ited States1305 Words   |  6 PagesSlavery; An Issue Neglected to a Key Principle in the U.S. For 20 years slavery had existed in the United States of America despite its immorality and the objections of many citizens. Strides were made to correct this injustice around the time of the Revolutionary war; colonists started to demand their natural human rights from Britain. In 1766, our founding fathers were the first faced with a decision to abolish slavery; they felt the pressure from facing the purpose of their campaign due to theRead MoreSlavery And The United States1507 Words   |  7 PagesOver the centuries, slavery held a prominent factor in United States history. Slavery shaped and formed what society was in the United States. Slavery’s influence impacted the United States in various ways. The ways that slavery impacted United States history are the United States economy, society and politics. Some historians argue slavery is not an important factor in United States history. However, they are wrong because slavery brought many different political movements and t he Underground RailroadRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States976 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery has played a very integral part in the development of the United States so far. It has taught people the importance of racial equality and moral discipline, which was lacked back in the time when slavery existed. Moreover, slaves were used mostly by farmers and business owners who wanted to maximize their profits and wanted cheap sources of labor. Slaves were first imported into the United States back in 1502 by a merchant named; Juan de Cà ³rdoba. The South was very interested in bringingRead MoreSlavery And The United States1673 Words   |  7 Pageshowever, when slavery existed, blacks were undermined and denied many freedoms entitled to them under the Constitution. There were many topics argued about, but slavery caused the most dispute within the country. In the 1850’s, the pro-slavery South and the anti-slavery North collided when the case of Dred Scott, a black slave who attempted to gain liberation, was brought to court. The North and South had vastly different views on the subject of slavery, Scott had resided in the free state of IllinoisRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1670 Words   |  7 Pageswedge between the nation. As the United States progressed into different industries, slavery benefited only one side of the country – the south. The north began outlawing slavery, deeming it as immoral and unconstitutional while the south needed and depended on slavery to maintain their economy. The opposing sides on the slave system lead to arguments between the North and the South as to decide what new territories would allow slavery, then leading on to outlawing slavery all together. Tensions increased

Clean Well Lighted Place Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Clean Well Lighted Place Essay, Research Paper A Clean, Well Lighted Place is a narrative of visible radiations and shadows, of the coexistence of # 8221 ; being # 8221 ; and # 8221 ; nothingness # 8221 ; . An old adult male sits outside the coffeehouse, on the patio, where all the tabular arraies are empty except so one he sits at. He hides himself in the shadow # 8211 ; the perfect hiding-place, a hide-out for a individual who wants to stay unseeable and unnoticed to the people he observes. They # 8211 ; the observed 1s # 8211 ; do non even experience his presence, so close and touchable, although there are some who know all about him. ? The undisturbed and untroubled peace of dark is his # 8221 ; premier clip # 8221 ; . He feels the difference so. To a deaf individual silence of the dark brings alleviation and solace after the twenty-four hours full of # 8221 ; noise # 8221 ; . That alleviation he encounters in the shadow, under the tree, the foliage of which protects him from the electric visible radiation, although he is one of these unusual people who feel the strong demand of visible radiation in the dark. We will write a custom essay sample on Clean Well Lighted Place Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? The ill-will and antipathy of one of the servers towards the old adult male and, on the other manus, the clemency and understanding of the other is the image how shadow and visible radiation permeate each other, although they stand out for wholly opposite values. The younger of these two has a married woman waiting in bed for him, and is non really willing to remain in the coffeehouse through the whole dark, waiting until the last individual pays the measure and goes place. That is why he is so disquieted with the old adult male, who # 8211 ; being already imbibe # 8211 ; asks for another and another drink. The hr is what affairs to him. He wants to travel place, to conceal in the shadow and to happen some sort of peace of head. In this manner he seems to resemble the old adult male they both avoid visible radiation, for both of them the shadow has got more to make with their lives than visible radiation. ? The older server appears to be the 1 who assumes a more friendly attitude towards those people who stay tardily at the coffeehouse. His deep strong belief that there are some who need a visible radiation for the dark is so strong that it does non let him to shut up early plenty because there may be some one who needs the cafe each dark. And the fact that there are bodegas ( cellars ) open all dark does non act upon his manner of thought. This is this coffeehouse that is so attractive to people for it is clean and pleasant. And # 8211 ; what is likely more of import # 8211 ; it is good lighted. All such a cafe demand is light. But he besides references shadows of the foliages # 8211 ; the forms created by light # 8211 ; by which he potentially means the topographic point hidden in the shadow, a shelter for all those who demand visible radiation in the dark but observe it being covered by shadow. ? Light is being while shadow is nothingness . Those who needs visible radiation are alive 1s. Those populating in the shadow lock themselves in void , their flight from the world. An old adult male is a mixture of both. On one manus he stays alive tardily at dark sitting in the topographic point full of light but on the other he secludes himself in void since he prefers sitting in the shadow, hidden, covered and theoretically absent. ? For the older server the ground for remaining tardily at the coffeehouse and the fact that he does non experience like sleeping, though it is about morning, is every bit simple as unwellness. At the terminal of the narrative he says to himself : # 8220 ; After all ( # 8230 ; ) it is likely merely insomnia. Many must hold it . The decision that as a affair of fact the whole narrative is about nil but enduring from the peculiar disease.

Storm Water Management Essay Example Essay Example

Storm Water Management Essay Example Paper Storm Water Management Essay Introduction Storm Water Management Storm Water Management Essay Body Paragraphs Outline 1. Introduction 1.1. What is Storm Management? 1.2. How does it occur? 1.3 Why it is important to the environment?2. Body Measures that are used in Storm Water Management 2.1. Low Impact Development 2.2. Green Infrastructure 2.3 Sustainable Site Design 2.4 Environmental Site Design 2.5 Minimization of Pollutants in the Runoff 2.6 The Use of Structural Soils and Trees 3. Conclusion 4. References Introduction Storm Water Management Storm water is formed when rainwater and snowmelts, but the water is not absorbed into the soil but remains in the atmosphere. This is because of roads, rooftops, driveways and several other surfaces prevent the water from being absorbed or reaching the ground. As a result, the volume and speed of the runoff water increases the water found on earth’s surface. This occurrence happens every time it rains and increases if it is left unchecked. The flow of this water causes flooding, soil erosion and destruction of creatures’ habitats in th e rivers and streams. How big the additional drainage region is, how the area of land inclines, the types of soils, and vegetation on a piece of land all affect how water drains. The Environment Protection Agency clearly states that municipalities that are affected by storm water get permits for the discharges that are got from it. This is in order to decrease the effects of runoffs on the urban surfaces and so that people can do their best to preserve the environment. This and other approaches have been adopted so that the environment can be conserved. Other measures are discussed in this paper (United States 1993). Low Impact Development This is an approach for managing the storm water, by using decentralized and distributed micro-scale controls. The goal of this approach is to maintain the runoff around its source. The land surrounding the affected area is developed or redeveloped. It achieves this by using techniques such as evaporation, storage and filtration preserving and rec reating natural landscape features, infiltration, minimizing effectual invulnerability to make useful and appealing site drainage with the intention of treating storm water as a reserve instead of a desecrate product. This is to say that the approach deals with the water in small scales, instead of waiting until it accumulates then treating it where it drains. The practices used ensure that the natural features of the drainage systems are maintained. When used well, it can restore a watershed’s hydrological role. It is highly encouraged as it can be applied in many developed areas, redeveloping areas and as a booster to other methods (Urbonas, Stahre, P., Stahre, 1993). Green Infrastructure This concept originated from the United States other countries have since adopted it because of its success rate. The method emphasizes on how important it is to think about the natural environment when making decisions about land use. It incorporates the use of green infrastructures in t he natural systems that capture the storm water, cleanse and reduce it with microbes, plants and soils. Green infrastructure is made of networks of open and natural areas, which improve the quality of water, while at the same time provides island benefits, air quality, opportunities of recreation, wildlife habitat and other benefits of the community. The green infrastructure is made up of management practices for the site that sustain hydrologic functions that are natural, through the absorption and infiltration of precipitation at the areas where it settles. The concept can be expanded to multifunction green infrastructure where more activities can be incorporated on the same piece of land as long as it helps lower the effects of storm water. An example is of the Chicago urban forest where the city of Chicago is benefiting from the trees through heat wave reduction and purified air. Sustainable site Design This method is used together with low impact development. Landscape architec ts and site designers can incorporate the use of better methods of conserving the environment when coming up with new building designs. Campaigning for a regenerative plan when building landscapes, maintains and restore important ecological functions. Doing this will make the design process for new and redeveloped sites that not only minimizes damage to the environment but also actively helps to repair it. Therefore, building structures that take into consideration the environmental conservation is a growing trend as more governments are encouraging this. The concept of going green when embraced by construction companies makes both the company and the environment benefactors (Venhaus 2012). Environmental Site Design (ESD) This is whereby measures are employed on small-scale they include; storm water management are observed, better site planning and nonstructural techniques to imitate normal hydrologic runoff features and reduce the effects of land development on water resources. Thi s approach can also be said to seek to emulate natural systems follow the flow path of the storm water, by applying design principles in the site of the development. Its goal is to form a system that copies water quality and natural hydrology. The Environment Site Design practices are applied in the construction process and kept for the future as a natural system that would need low maintenance. Each practice decreases the amount of storm water, as it goes to the stream, therefore maintaining a low requirement of infrastructure needed to control the storm water. The ESD practices consist of natural areas preservation, minimizing the disturbance of land, treating storm water by using areas that are vegetated, providing lower ratios of parking and the use of conservation design. This method incorporates other methods such as low impact development, better site design, green infrastructure and sustainable site design (Zevenbergen, 2011). Minimization of Pollutants in the Runoff Polluti on of the environment also plays a major role in how water is drained. This is because they act as a hindrance. The effects of storm water can be reduced by keeping materials and chemicals that would be harmful to the water from the runoff. The runoff should be kept free of any pollutants such as oil stains and several other automotive fluids, which can be carried away easily by rainwater. Store chemicals in waterproof containers and keep them away from runoff areas. Chemicals should be mixed in contained areas where spillages onto the runoffs would be avoided. When applying chemicals such as fertilizers, apply just what will be enough, in order to avoid excess chemicals from being washed away by the storm water. The chemicals should also be applied when there are no signs of coming rain in order to avoid waste, as they can be easily washed away. Road salts and de-icing products should be used in little amounts, since high concentrations of these chemicals can be harmful plants and animals. The salts are washed off the roads and pavements by storm water and carried into the natural systems. If used in great quantities, the excess should be cleaned up. Other alternatives such as kitty litter should also be considered, as they are less toxic. Animal droppings or manure should be kept from the runoff. They should be flushed in the toilet if they are not mixed with other materials or wrapped and disposed in the garbage. The Use of Structural Soils and Trees Due to increased urbanization, deforestation has taken place at alarming rates to cater for the urban centers. It is because of this that soil structures and vegetative cover can no longer decrease storm water runoff. This is a drawback, as groundwater becomes less affecting water quality and damaging aquatic habitats. Thus, another method for storm water management is to employ the use of structural soils and trees. This top vegetation is used to guide the rainwater to water catchments areas. Trees are grown i n strategic places so that the water is absorbed into the ground. Structural soils can also be used in areas where vegetation does not grow easily. These are soils that are beneath runoff areas cannot support the life of living organisms such as plants. This is because roots cannot pass through such soils since they are too strong. These soils in the runoffs are used for supporting the weight from the vehicles and meet other engineering needs. This method has been adopted in many areas especially when one also wants to conserve soil nutrients (Parzwash, 2011). Conclusion It is because of employing storm management techniques; the environment is able to be benefit from these methods. More countries have adopted the concept of going green and offer incentives to companies and firms that adopt this initiative. Storm water management is thus important as it helps human beings avoid natural calamities such as floods and landslides. At the end of the day, the people who benefit when the e nvironment is safeguarded are the living things. Since human beings are at the top of the totem pole, it is their responsibility to ensure that the environment is not degraded. They should always seek to find more ways to manage storm water. Reference: Venhaus, H. (2012). Designing the sustainable site: Integrated design strategies for small-scale sites and residential landscapes. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley Sons United States. (1993). Storm water management and technology. Park Ridge, N.J., U.S.A: Noyes Data Corp. Pazwash, H. (2011). Urban storm water management. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Zevenbergen, C. (2011). Urban flood management. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Urbonas, B., Stahre, P., Stahre, P. (1993). Storm water: Best management practices and detention for water quality, drainage, and CSO management. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: PTR Prentice Hall. We will write a custom essay sample on Storm Water Management Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Storm Water Management Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Storm Water Management Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

IMF in Korea essays

IMF in Korea essays The subject matter that will be discussed within this paper are the effects of the IMF (International Monetary Fund) in relation(s) to South Korea and other neighboring Asian countries in the same economic distress. It will also tie into the use of media and other aspects of international communications Korea and the United States used to cover the crisis. The economic crisis of South Korea has hit many of the citizens of Korea very hard. Many companies went bankrupt and with that many people lost their jobs. This economic crash was not only felt by the Koreas living in Korea, but also by the ones who live abroad. Many international students had to return back home because they could no longer afford the expenses with studying abroad. Store owners in Korea who lived in the United States would more than likely lose their businesses. Overall, the economic crash is effecting our United States economy greatly. It began with the devaluation of currency in Thailand in July of 1997. Afterwards, many other Asian countries were to follow such as the Malaysia, Philippines and of course South Korea. Media coverage of the economic situation was and still is now, being highly covered. All the major news stations are covering how this situation is having adverse effects to not only the Korean nation, but the United States also. Many goods that the United States export to Korea and other Asian countries cannot be bought due to the lack of money. As the crisis has unfolded in Asia, the IMF has become, at least for this brief moment in history, almost a household name. But even if the institution has become more well known, its role in Asia and more broadly in the world economy is not widely understood. Despite the back-to-back corporate failures and resulting financial jitters, Korea has asked the United Nations to help with their crisis. The involvement of the United Nations has increased the media coverage of the Asian crisis. The actions they ...

Analysis of the article Real Estate Principle

Analysis of the article Real Estate Principle In real estate market, economists closely monitor the trends in the economy in order to project the patterns of demand and supply. The article shows how the current change in economy trends of real estate market have affected various parties in the real estate market. Factors such as the cost, income, and price of housing greatly affect the demand of housing as seen in the article. Electricity supply also partly affects the supply of housing in the real estate market, as one of its inputs.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Analysis of the article â€Å"Real Estate Principle† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From the numerous forecasts, the economy has projected that the momentum of the economy in the second half of the year after July will go down. This will affect the real estate market in the area of housing due to many factors this paper has covered. Despite the economy losing its momentum, there has been a significant growth in various sectors. For instance, in the manufacturing sector the output seems to have increased in the production of electronics, business equipment, and automobiles in the United States of America. The disruption that occurred could have led to this in the East when tsunami and the earthquake greatly hit some parts of it causing destabilization of automobile production from the west hence increasing production from the United States of America (Barber, Floyd, Floyd 311-320). The industries also seem to have increased the use of their capacity signifying an increment in output. The author of the article points out that the previous anticipated slowdown of the economy would subside in due time and there would be minimal scares about the demand of the consumer surging. The sentiments of the consumer can however be falling due to the facts that there is a rather weak growth in the job area and economists predict low ability of the consumers to afford the housing. T he falling sentiments of the consumer have led the people to shift in selling their property. Part of the population is no longer investing in the construction of houses that cater for single family and those of multi-families and most of them are turning to either purchase of smaller units such as apartments or even going to rentals. The owners of the housing units that are not in demand will push the prices of the housing down in order to accommodate the consumers who have weak purchasing ability. The article establishes that there are no signs of the real estate market improving in the near future and economists predict this on the fact that the permits that builders usually get for new constructions have actually declined. This has trickled down to dampening of spirits of the builders and rather low sentiments to start housing projects. However, it is not possible to conclude that all parts of America have experienced the decline. The demand in the real estate market refers to t he consumers desiring housing at a particular price and the supply in the real estate market refers to the housing units that the builders are willing to offer or are offering at a particular price. Further, equilibrium is the main point of focus in economics and in real estate market. It refers to the point of negotiation between the suppliers of housing and the consumers of the same units.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also refers to the ability of the suppliers and the consumers to come to an agreement where the amount of units produced by the supplier are equal to the housing taken up by the consumers within a particular time and having in mind that all other factors remain constant (Barber, Floyd, Floyd 321-328). The increase in the output of the electric utilities makes suppliers bound to increase the output of housing they offer. When this happens, th e price of the housing units will go down and this will make it easier for the consumers to access these facilities whenever they need them. On the other hand, the weak growth of employment is rendering so many consumers’ income to be very low. This will reduce the consumers’ ability to purchase or take up the housing units and in this case the real estate market will experience a decline in the demand for housing and as the rule goes, the prices of the units will go down to make them affordable. This is a rather tricky situation in economy where the suppliers have favorable factors to boost their production. In addition, the consumers are unable to take up the housing when the price offered by the suppliers is high. Investors in the real estate market can easily come up with a state that is close to equilibrium by lowering the prices of their output through building less expensive housing units. For the consumers, they can take up less expensive housing units by resid ing on the apartments or simply switching to rentals in order to favor each other to ensure the continuity of the real estate market in the economic decline (Barber, Osburn, Floyd 331-354). Barber, Russell, Osburn, Floyd and Floyd, Charles. Real Estate Principle (9th ed.). California: Delmar Learning, 2011. Print

The Importance of Cultural Ties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Importance of Cultural Ties - Essay Example It's vital that people who find themselves in this position find new ways to cope with that loss, maintain a sense of their cultural heritage, and create some form of identity with their country of birth. Cross culture adoption, a trend that has become more popular in recent years, points to the child's need to maintain close cultural ties with their birth country. In a recent study of Asian American adoptions it was found that while growing up, the children often considered themselves white. As they reached adulthood, that trend had reversed and most considered themselves Asian American (Dong). As adults they would seek out ways to connect to their country of birth through language, art, and ethnic organizations. Many of the adoptees in the survey reported lifelong feelings of alienation and isolation. Nancy Ng, member on the board of the Palo Alto group Families Adopting in Response (FAIR) asserts the importance of "the need to honor the birth country and raise them with knowledge of their birth culture" (Dong), Developing a cultural awareness and close ties to your ethnic heritage is more than just the curiosity to discover who you are. Lacking the knowledge of ones background can lead to more serious issues and manifest in an identity crises.

Commercial Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Commercial Law - Essay Example Consequently, it is not impossible, theoretically, for a bank to have a charge over the cash deposited by one of its customers and which functions as the security with regard to a loan provided to the customer. This effectively discounted the Court of Appeal’s conceptual impossibility contention that had been supported by it (McCormack, 2002, p. 7). Such reciprocity in indebtedness is common to several commercial transactions and this decision by the House of Lords has provided immense relief to the commercial community. This is due to its capacity to do away with ambiguity and promoting transactions that are of immense benefit. The fact that there are legally valid and effective alternate transactions does not reduce the importance of the aforementioned category of transactions (Re Bank of Credit and Commerce International S.A. (No. 8), 1998). These alternatives cover the contractual rights of set off and rendering the deposit a flawed asset, which the third party in the position of the depositor or depositor cannot withdraw. The court ruled with great insight that the device of a charge back ensured powerful protection to a bank. This was by means of the flawed asset techniques and the contractual set off, and not due to the charge over the asset (Re Bank of Credit and Commerce International S.A.... 187). Commercial transactions are always exposed to the risk of insolvency or default. This is mitigated by employing credit derivatives, which create exposure to or hedge the credit risk inherent in debt instruments, like bonds and loans. There is nothing novel about this function, which had been undertaken by debt syndication, cash securitisations, and loan participations. These initiatives had been utilised to control the credit risk of debt instruments. Such credit risk had been managed by the practice of sell – down of the investor of lender’s risk in the debt instrument (Ali, 2004, p. 326). All the same there is a crucial difference between the previous credit risk management strategies and credit derivatives. The latter separate the credit risk of a debt instrument from itself and this risk is transferred to a third party. In addition, the debt instrument is retained or disposed of to another party. This renders credit derivatives, tools of credit risk management that have much greater precision. Lenders and investors are protected against credit risk, due to credit derivatives; and the economic benefit of the debt instrument is not transferred (Ali, 2004, p. 326). Moreover, insurance and reinsurance companies, banks, bond insurers and hedge funds are the chief sellers of credit protection. Credit risk protection is provided by these financial institutions, first, by the sale of protection under credit default swaps to investors or lenders. Second, by the making investment of funds in securities issued under a programme of synthetic securitisation (Ali, 2004, p. 326). Companies of Scotland were not permitted to create a floating charge with regard to the whole or part of their undertakings and

Democratic ticket Essay Example for Free

Democratic ticket Essay Alvin Greene’s win was as a result of good, hard work. The models of voting used favored him. Research on models of voting shows that a candidate should be smart and sharp during campaigns. Models used by voters influence voting choice. Some of these models include Ballot Position Effect also known as Name Order Effect, Mere Exposure Effect, Name Letter Effect and No Information Voting. Use of research papers such as, Who is Alvin Greene by Mark, Greene on the Issues by Buster Brown, among others listed on the reference list shows the different types of models of voting. Questions asking advantages of using one or more or more models, limitation of each model, strengths and weaknesses of one model to another have been researched. The conclusion of this research shows ways which influence the behavior of voters. It summarizes the effects of different models applied and the effect they have on a candidate. Alvin Greene, an unemployed army veteran, is the winning candidate using the Democratic ticket. He has surprised analysts, pundits, and academics by winning with more than 58 percent of the votes. However victory was not a surprise for him because he worked hard and therefore earned it. His campaigns were simple; he traveled with friends, friends of friends and family members. He did not have any campaign website; neither did he put out signs nor fliers. Alvin’s victory was as a result of good, hard work. The phrase Get South Carolina Back to Work which was his campaign slogan had been acquired through Greene being motivated to run for one of South Carolina’s two senate seats to help Get South Carolina Back to Work. He had his priorities straight which included; focusing on jobs, education and Justice in the judicial system. These issues helped him rally against his running mate DeMint (Robert, Para. 5). Greene’s winning had benefited from unusual circumstances. One of them was his name appearing first in Alphabetical order on a ballot for U. S senate. This effect is called the Ballot Position Effect or Name Order. The candidate being listed first increases his or her performance by 2. 5 points as the average. This has primacy effect and affects a person psychologically in that people making a choice from a visual list considers top as best choice (Valerie, Para. 6). Secondly, Greene was able to win as a result of Mere Exposure Effect. In this type of model of voting, it is believed that the more a person is exposed to a certain stimulus, the more he or she is inclined to liking it. In this case Greene is a more common type of word compared to Rawl. Another type of model of voting is Name Letter Effect. This model holds that people prefer names that share their own initials. No Information Voting is also a type of model used to vote in USA. This is where voting is done with the voters having less or no information about the subject. In this case, the name order effect rises as voters get down the ballot to a candidate they know little about. Models of voting influence vote choice. Choice voting, a form of proportional representation is widely used by world’s established democracies. It gives political parties and candidates an assurance to gain the percentage of legislative seats reflecting their support by the public. Choice voting is a form of limited voting where voters maximize their ballot. Every model of voting has its advantages which affect vote choice. The Name Order Effect favors the candidate who appears first on the ballot. This is because the person voting might have no information about candidates on the ballot, therefore will go for the candidate appearing first with the assumption first is best. Secondly, Mere Exposure Effect gives the candidate who is more exposed to a certain stimulus an advantage and a higher chance of being voted. For example if it is the name, Greene and Rawl, Greene is a more common word, and voters are inclined to liking it. Other voters will use the No Information Voting type of model which will be an advantage to the candidate appearing first in the ballot. This is because voters will again tend to think that first is always the best and will vote for the person who appears first on the ballot. The voters have less or no information about the candidate and they will assume that if they vote the first one, chances are the person is the best (Mark, Para. 4). However, these models of voting may have limitations. A model may favor one candidate but be a shortcoming to other candidates on the ballot. When candidates use Ballot Position Effect, the candidates who appear at the bottom of the ballot will have less chances of winning the elections compared to the candidate appearing first. Similarly if voters use the No Information Voting type of model voting, voters will assume that the first is most likely the best causing the candidates who appear at the bottom of the ballot less likely to win. Sometimes, voters will use Mere Exposure Effect as their voting choice. This type of model of voting will give the candidate with a less exposed stimulus less chances of being voted in. If there is a candidate whose name is more exposed compared to other candidates’ names then that type of voting model will be a limitation to the candidates. Similarly, if the candidates use the Name Letter Effect when voting, a candidate with names that share initials with that of the voter will have a higher chance of being voted in compared to the candidate whose initials do not match with those of the person voting (Can Anyone Explain How Alvin Greene Actually Won Para. 1). When compared, all these types of voting models are related to one another. They can either be related through their strengths or weaknesses. Each one of them has their own strengths or weaknesses. Ballot Exposure Effect also known as Name Order Effect is related to No Information Effect in both strengths and weaknesses. Due to a voter having no information about the subject, the person can opt to vote for the candidate who appears first on the ballot. This is strength to the candidate appearing first on the ballot paper. On the other hand, it can still be a weakness because the person appearing last on the ballot might be the best candidate but loses because the name appears last. There is also a relation between Mere Exposure Effect and Name Letter Effect. When the name of the voter and that of the candidate match, then automatically their initials match. Voters using these types of model voting will relate their names and that of the candidate with a certain stimulus which they are exposed to in relation to the matching of their initials. In some cases, a candidate can be favored by majority of the model of voting, whereby a candidate appears first on the ballot, is exposed to a certain stimulus and the voters have no or less information about the candidates. Here the three types of model voting will be related to the candidate being voted or not being voted (Buster, Para. 3). CONCLUSION Models of voting being the behavior in which people vote can be influenced psychologically, socially or economically. As a candidate it is important to know about the people and their expectations during campaigns. Different types of voting affect vote choice in different ways. As a candidate, it is wise to make one known to the voters. This way, voters are able to avoid No Information Voting which leads to Name Order Effect. It is also advisable for candidates to address key issues which affect the people. This way a candidate is able to let the people be conversant with him or her. Reference List Buster Brown. Alvin Greene on the issues:Candidate gets beyond the headlines. Available at:http://www. charlestoncitypaper. com/charleston/alvin-greene-on-the-issues/Content? oid=2121463 Can Anyone Explain How Alvin Greene Actually Won? Available at:http://www. newsweek. com/2010/06/17/can-anyone-explain-how-alvin-greene-actually-won. html Mark Leibovich. Who’s Alvin Greene? State Asks After Vote. Available at:http://www. nytimes. com/2010/06/12/us/politics/12greene. html? _r=1src=mv Robert J. Baker. Local Dems had never met Greene Available at;http://www. theitem. com/news/local_news/article_0524b36c-ec80-5eba-882f-713558543451. html Valerie Bauerlein. Puzzle Roils South Carolina Contest. Available at:http://www. marioguerrero. info/ps151/wsjarticle. html

Overview of Mood Disorders Essay -- Diagnosis of Mood Disorders

The Mood Disorders category of the DSM-IV-TR, is one of the most dense categories and probably one of the most commonly talked about categories. People often make comments about being depressed or having bipolar disorder; however, they might not truly meet the diagnostic criteria to receive the diagnosis. There are several diagnoses in the Mood Disorders category which have been organized into the following subsections: Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymic Disorder, Depressive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified, Bipolar I Disorder, Bipolar II Disorder, Cylcothymic Disorder, Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified, Mood Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition, Substance-Induced Mood Disorder and Mood Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. There diagnostic differences between Mood Disorders and the other categories typically revolve around that Mood Disorders affect a patient’s mood versus mood and psychosis or mood and dissociation or mood and impulse control. The mood disorders typically do not involve any other facets of a person’s mental health with the exception of a major depressive disorder severe with psychotic features. A person who is depressed may have difficulties with their sleep; however, if the person is depressed then they would not receive a sleep disorder diagnosis and instead would receive a mood disorder diagnosis which encompasses the person’s struggles with mood and sleep. For example, the diagnosis major depressive episode or manic episode might be appropriate for the aforementioned person. Moreover, if a person’s mood struggles are related to a substance disorder or a general medical condition, then the diagnostician would need to determine which diagnosis is primary and which if any is a secondary diagnosis... ... when ruling out diagnoses from other categories. Once the diagnosis has been determined, the diagnostician needs to select any relevant specifiers. Following the diagnosis, the practitioner should determine a route of therapy for the patient. There are several routes and factors to consider and while one route might be to refer the patient to a psychiatrist or another provider who can prescribe medication, another route might be to provide therapy, such as IPT, for the patient. References Corsini, R. J., & Wedding, D. (2011). Current Psychotherapies, 9th Ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning. Stuart, S., & Robertson, M. (2003). Interpersonal psychotherapy: A clinician’s guide. New York: Arnold Publishers. Weissman, M. M., Markowitz, J. C., & Klerman, G. L. (2000). Comprehensive guide to interpersonal psychotherapy. New York: Basic Books.

Merits and demerits of tylers model and skilbeck model

Curriculum development has been looked at In two ways. These are apocryphalness' and ‘product'. As the terms Imply ‘process' Is concerned with the methods means ‘how whereas the ‘product' looks at the outcomes, the end product&dhat'. There are two approaches that have been developed: normative nondestructive. The first approaches are called normative – Objectives (Tyler 1949) and the rational(Tab 1962 and Wheeler 1967) because they provide a sequence of steps. Teaches technical interests of control.The procedural approach (Statehouse 1975,Walker 1972, Skillets 1976, Olivia 1976) which is discussed later in the lecture falsetto the second category of descriptive approaches because it an interactive model. Differentiation between Process and Model:Process: Some synonyms include. Procedure, development, method, progression, practice,course of action. A process is very simply the steps from the beginning of something Its end. We have said that Curriculum De velopment is a process because It has beginning and It Is continuously changing or being developed. Model:Some synonyms: representation or reproduction. Len education when we talk about models we are talking about a diagrammaticrepresentation of something. (See Figure 5. 2 A simple Model of CurriculumDevelopment – course book). Len the curriculum development process, the term model is used to represent the different elements or stages and how they relate to one another. Models are usually abstract pr conceptual. This means that they exist In policemen's. They are very useful in the task of theory building. (Sahara: 2003: 5. 6) A continuum of Curriculum Development Models.

Under the Sea

One very hot summer day I went scuba diving in the ocean. It was so beautiful under the water. There were so many different kinds of fish, plants and other sea creatures. My favorite was a purple octopuses, a school of color full sea horses and of souse the most magnificent sea turtles. They were huge. One of them was even 3 times my size. I was so fascinated about the beauty of the sea, I lost track of time. As I was wondering around I suddenly came across a hidden city. In the middle of the entrance it looked like a board hanging with a name written on but, I could not make out the letters due to many years of fading.It was Like the city called me closer. As I entered the city I saw so many different kinds of tumbled down houses. There was small ground level ones and big double storage one's. I stumbled across what once was the mall. I absolutely loved It. I wish I could have been part of this magnificent city. Yes, It's true, everything was under water and old but It was so fascin ating. I wonder what happened to the people. At the very end of the city there was this gigantic palace. The king probably lived there. I decided to go and Investigate. As I swam in I was amazed. It was so beautiful in there and it was almost like the time Todd still.A faded red carpet welcomed me and at the side's there was statues which ended at the throne. Obviously I sat down. After pretending to be the Queen, I wondered through the palace. Each room had a different theme. Suddenly I heard a beep, it was the gas tank telling me I only had a few minutes of air left. I really did not want to go but I had no choice. On my way out I took a souvenir to remember this place. When I got home I told everyone of this hidden city, but no one would believe me. Looks like the city of wonders (that's what I called it) did not want to be found. Under the Sea One very hot summer day I went scuba diving in the ocean. It was so beautiful under the water. There were so many different kinds of fish, plants and other sea creatures. My favorite was a purple octopuses, a school of color full sea horses and of souse the most magnificent sea turtles. They were huge. One of them was even 3 times my size. I was so fascinated about the beauty of the sea, I lost track of time. As I was wondering around I suddenly came across a hidden city. In the middle of the entrance it looked like a board hanging with a name written on but, I could not make out the letters due to many years of fading.It was Like the city called me closer. As I entered the city I saw so many different kinds of tumbled down houses. There was small ground level ones and big double storage one's. I stumbled across what once was the mall. I absolutely loved It. I wish I could have been part of this magnificent city. Yes, It's true, everything was under water and old but It was so fascin ating. I wonder what happened to the people. At the very end of the city there was this gigantic palace. The king probably lived there. I decided to go and Investigate. As I swam in I was amazed. It was so beautiful in there and it was almost like the time Todd still.A faded red carpet welcomed me and at the side's there was statues which ended at the throne. Obviously I sat down. After pretending to be the Queen, I wondered through the palace. Each room had a different theme. Suddenly I heard a beep, it was the gas tank telling me I only had a few minutes of air left. I really did not want to go but I had no choice. On my way out I took a souvenir to remember this place. When I got home I told everyone of this hidden city, but no one would believe me. Looks like the city of wonders (that's what I called it) did not want to be found.

Critically discuss the impact of a health policy Essays

Critically discuss the impact of a health policy Essays Critically discuss the impact of a health policy Essay Critically discuss the impact of a health policy Essay 2003 ) to efficaciously turn toing baccy control within wellness advancing NHS trusts as portion of its web of wellness promoting infirmaries ( HPH ) ( Quinn et al, 2001 ) . Decision: In this paper approached the job of wellness and wellness attention execution plan utilizing worldwide and British positions of public assistance and discussed related societal policies and programs for execution of these policies. We discussed in brief, the aims of the WHO and the NHS, the different sections involved in a new collaborative model of health care within the NHS, the purposes of wellness attention policy and the associated jobs and obstructions in execution of these policies. In this context we discussed specific instances of wellness attention policies related to two major jobs of fleshiness and smoke. We suggested along with evidentiary surveies that keeping modernized wellness attention services and collaborative attack in the NHS are cardinal elements of future wellness attention betterment program and besides affect advancing consciousness of the demands of an active and healthy life style in persons. Therefore along with governmental attempts, single consciousness are cardinal to better wellness and hereafter good being and seem to organize an obvious portion of societal policy. Bibliography Annandale, Ellen. The sociology of wellness and medical specialty: a critical debut /Ellen Annandale. Cambridge: Civil order Press,1998. Brown, John, The British public assistance province: a critical history /John Brown. Oxford: Blackwell,1995. Inequalities in wellness: the Black study /Sir Douglas Black [ et Al. ] ; edited and with an debut by Peter Townsend and Nick Davidson. Harmondsworth: Penguin,1982, c1980. Checkland K, Harrison S. Policy execution in pattern: the instance of national service models in general pattern. J Tissue Viability. 2004 Oct ; 14 ( 4 ) :133-6. Castledine G. A nursing position on the new program for the NHS. Br J Nurs. 2004 Aug 12-Sep 8 ; 13 ( 15 ) :926. Cauchi S. Integrated administration: is this the hereafter? Prof Nurse. 2005 Mar ; 20 ( 7 ) :53-5. Eccles M, Grimshaw J, Walker A, Johnston M, Pitts N. Changing the behaviour of healthcare professionals: the usage of theory in advancing the consumption of research findings. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005 Feb ; 58 ( 2 ) :107-12. Glen S. Healthcare reforms: deductions for the instruction and preparation of ague and critical attention nurses. Postgrad Med J. 2004 Dec ; 80 ( 950 ) :706-10. Ham C J ( 1992 ) . Health policy in Britain. Macmillan, London Hayes J. Time to alter. Nurs Stand. 2005 Feb 23-Mar 1 ; 19 ( 24 ) :78. Klein R E ( 1989 ) . The political relations of the NHS. Longman, London Dilemmas in UK wellness attention /edited by Carol Komaromy 3rd erectile dysfunction. Buckingham: Open University Press,2001. Health and disease series ; berkelium. 7 Previous erectile dysfunction. : 1993. Lea, Ruth, Healthcare in the United kingdom: the demand for reform: IOD policy paper /Ruth Lea. London: Institute of Directors,2000. Price S. Understanding the importance to wellness of a balanced diet. Nurs Times. 2005 Jan 4-10 ; 101 ( 1 ) :30-1. Patchell C, Paterson M. Should debris nutrient advertizements be banned? Nurs Times. 2004 Jan 20-26 ; 100 ( 3 ) :19. Quinn J, Sengupta S, Cleary H. The challenge of efficaciously turn toing baccy control within a wellness advancing NHS Trust. Patient Educ Couns. 2001 Dec 15 ; 45 ( 4 ) :255-9. Sowden A, Arblaster L, Stead L. Community intercessions for forestalling smoke in immature people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003 ; ( 1 ) : CD001291. Sir leslie stephens R. A new epoch of wellness attention. Nurs Manag ( Harrow ) . 2004 Sep ; 11 ( 5 ) :12-3. Stevens S. Reform schemes for the English NHS. Health Aff ( Millwood ) . 2004 May-Jun ; 23 ( 3 ) :37-44. Taylor RT. Effecting alteration in the NHS. Hosp Med. 2004 Sep ; 65 ( 9 ) :568. Turner JJ. The GMC: expedience before rule: GMC reforms may damage the NHS. BMJ. 2005 Jan 29 ; 330 ( 7485 ) :252 ; treatment 254. Timmins, Nicholas. The five giants: a life of the Welfare State /Nicholas Timmins. London: HarperCollins,1995. Ujah EU, Bradshaw L, Fishwick D, Curran AD. An rating of occupational wellness services within the NHS in London. Occup Med ( Lond ) . 2004 May ; 54 ( 3 ) :159-64. Wilson T, Buck D, Ham C. Rising to the challenge: will the NHS support people with long term conditions? BMJ. 2005 Mar 19 ; 330 ( 7492 ) :657-61. Review. Webster J. Leading the switch to patient-centred attention. Prof Nurse. 2004 Oct ; 20 ( 2 ) :20-1. Web sites: www.who.org hypertext transfer protocol: //www.euro.who.int/healthtopics/HT2ndLvlPage? HTCode=health_policy www.nhs.uk www.dh.gov.uk – for DH studies hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dh.gov.uk/PolicyAndGuidance/HealthAndSocialCareTopics/MentalHealth/MentalHealthList/fs/en? CONTENT_ID=4031694 A ; chk=87 % 2BXMM

14 Instagram-Worthy College Party Outfits

14 Instagram-Worthy College Party Outfits College parties are loads of fun, but they aren’t always easy to dress for. What’s too casual and what’s too dressy? When to go sexy and when to show a little school spirit? And how do you pull off specific occasions? Check out the outfits below for inspiration. #1 Stick to Smart Casual When You Dont Know What to Wear Not every college party is beer pong and local clubs. What happens if your internship throws an office bonanza? Dress smart, with well-fitting jeans or slacks, dress shoes, a blouse and blazer. Image credit: Pinterest #2 Add Playful Accessories Make your little black dress a bit more playful by adding bold jewelry and an artsy hat. This is the perfect outfit for a fun night out with your girls or to a music-themed/jazzy party. Image credit: emfashionfiles #3 Set the Vibe With Accessories If you’re more of a jeans gal, dress it up with a flowy tank and heels for a chill vibe. Perfect for a night at the bar or a spur-of-the-moment party with friends. Accessories really set the vibe for this look. Image credit: Pinterest #4 Use Your School Team Colors Tailgating parties are some of the liveliest events, and it’s worth making a little effort beyond your school tee+jean go-to. Pair a top with a skirt or shorts that matches your team colors for a festive tribute to your school. View this post on Instagram My eyes are closed because I couldnt see a thing, and its a cute picture you know it 🠤 ª . . . . . . . . . . #youmad#summer#420#summeroutfit#yellow#missguided#ohpolly#photography#promo#promoter#outfit#ideas#yellowtop#denimskirt#leicester#leic#curlyhair#summertime#inspirations#mediumhair#hairstyle#home#outdoor#promoterswanted#promotersearch#promocode#isawitfirst A post shared by ð â€™ ¦Ã° â€™ ¶Ã° â€œâ€¡Ã° â€˜â€™Ã° â€˜â€™Ã° â€œÆ'ð â€™ ¶ ð â€™ ¥Ã° â€˜â€™Ã° â€œâ€°Ã° â€™ ½Ã° â€œÅ'ð â€™ ¶ (@kareenajethwa) on Apr 20, 2019 at 9:55am PDT #5 Jumpsuits with Heels Just Perfect! A bright jumpsuit and heels will have all the heads turning. Dress it up for a party at a sophisticated event or keep it casual for a kickback with friends. View this post on Instagram You can’t go wrong with this new jumper ⠝ ¤Ã¯ ¸ Ã°Å¸â€ ¥ It’s absolutely stunning, very flattering, the color looks beautiful on all skin tones! ðŸ™Å'🠏 ¼ #bestdressed #weddingguestoutfit #fallfashion #newnewnew #shopchantillyboutique A post shared by Chantilly Boutique (@shopchantillyboutique) on Sep 13, 2018 at 8:21am PDT #6 Buy a Cute Dress for B-Day Parties The more friends, the more birthday parties you’ll be invited to! Opt for a colorful, sweet dress that you can pair with comfortable shoes like converse or dressy flats. It’s the perfect way to look flawless without upstaging the birthday girl. View this post on Instagram a cute caption #birthdaypartyoutfit #purpledress #converse #forever21 A post shared by Delilah Melendez (@missdelilahm) on Oct 22, 2017 at 5:47pm PDT #7 Choose Traditional Holiday Colors Holiday parties are magical, and if you’re celebrating the holidays with your college friends, a colorful ballroom skirt, heels and half sleeve blouse will win hearts. Worried about fitting the occasion? Opt for browns and orange around Thanksgiving, reds and greens at Christmas, and gold or black around New Year’s. What about Halloween? These college outfit ideas for Halloween will help you to look perfect. Image credit: Pinterest #8 How About Tying a Regular T-Shirt? Headed to a frat party? Bar-hopping with the girls? Convert your everyday essentials into a fun, flirty outfit by grabbing a front tie shirt or tying a regular t-shirt and wearing your favorite cut-off shorts. View this post on Instagram If I’m gonna buy bubble tea just for a picture, I should atleast post more than one right? 😋 Happy Friday angels! ðŸâ€" ¤ A post shared by Ann Liwanag 🕊 Travel Style (@aliwanaagg) on Aug 17, 2018 at 1:10pm PDT #9 Youll Never Lose By Choosing Denim Shorts Denim shorts and crop tops are a great option for darties early in the semester when the weather is still hot. Opt for a dark pair of shorts with a patterned top or keep with simple with a plain top and lighter-colored denim. View this post on Instagram black blue. @edi.bee A post shared by who . wear . what (@who.wear.what) on May 29, 2019 at 10:12pm PDT #10 Try a Printed Skirt You can’t get more straightforward than this printed mini skirt paired with a classic black tee and fun accessories. This is a great option is you’re playing it safe at a dorm party or getting the first taste of college nightlife.. You’ll look hip and feel comfortable all at once. https://theartoffashion11-blog.tumblr.com/post/36911640372 #11 Consider Leggings Leggings and crop tops are the ultimate party comfort, and with the right fit and color combination, you’ll be the high-fashion guest of the party. Complete the look with a stylish jacket, shades and combat boots to insert a boost of color. View this post on Instagram â€Å"I’m still here with who I started with.† 💙🠐‘ #DHOE | 📠¸ @thecoolliterati A post shared by Johnny (@johnnyubric) on Oct 29, 2017 at 6:25pm PDT #12 Try 90s Fashion Did someone say 90s? Don’t throw that 90s party invite in the trash! Bold patterns, chokers, mom jeans, and multi-patterned hoodies and jackets were all the rave back in the day. Mix and match and finish off with with a thick black belt and you’ll steal the show. Image credit: Pinterest #13 Swimsuit Also Matters Whether you’re swimming or lounging, pool parties are great ways to end the summer or kick-off the season. Choose a bright, fun swimsuit and bikini and use a pair of overall shorts as your cover-up! View this post on Instagram I was just so excited I fit in this onesie again. 😎 . . . . #onesie #jumper #bikini #poolpartyoutfit #latergram #ink #tattoo #girlswithtattoos #lezbehonest #lezziegram #blueisthewarmestcolor #fitfemales #lezbehonest #lezziegram #Ã'„Ð ¸Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ½Ã' Ã'ˆÐ ºÃ ° #Ð ºÃ ¾Ã ¼Ã ±Ã ¸Ã ½Ã µÃ ·Ã ¾Ã ½ #Ð ºÃ'Æ'Ð ¿Ã °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¸Ã º A post shared by Ruslana Sokolovskaya (@ruslanasky) on Aug 21, 2018 at 5:44pm PDT #14 Turn a Tee into a Dress Turn an oversized graphic tee into a sexy dress for a night out on the town or a concert after-party. Pair with combat boots and a crop jacket you’ll have an unforgettable ensemble. View this post on Instagram #DHOE A post shared by Marlee (@mar.wynn) on Oct 27, 2017 at 11:43pm PDT

Stationary Cameras and Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stationary Cameras and Crime - Essay Example Different types of data were collected from this study. Firstly the people were asked to identify various crimes that took place in their locality. A nominal measurement scale which categorizes variables was used to collect data pertaining to different types of crime perpetrated in the locality. The majority of the people stated different types of crime like killing, attempted rape, physical assaults, robbery that took place. Secondly the people were asked to rate the crimes that were perpetrated in the order of the most frequently occurring crime. The ordinal data which indicates the order of attributes studied was measured on the scale of most frequently occurring crime on one extreme and the least occurring crime on the other end. The result showed that most of the people interviewed considered robbery and attempted rape as the most frequently occurring crime. Similarly killing was rated as the least occurring crime. Next there were questions pertaining to the usefulness of statio nary cameras for reducing crime. For this purpose, interval scales were used where all the levels of the scale are equal and which provide quantitative information. On a scale of one to five the respondents were asked to measure the use of cameras in reducing crime. It was found that the majority of the people considered it a very useful tool for combating crime. Finally open ended questions were presented to describe whether the crime rate has reduced after installing the cameras. Ratio scales which enable ratio comparisons were used to measure the amount of reduction in the crime rate. For this purpose the local authorities were questioned regarding the amount of cases registered after the installation of stationary cameras. It was found that there was reduction in the registered cases by 85 percent. Validity and reliability This test possesses three types of validity. First internal validity; the ratio scales and the interval scales showed that the use of cameras was effective in reducing crime. Thus it is seen that there is a causal relationship between the two variables which states its internal validity. Secondly the two variables also show a positive relationship which states their conclusion validity. Finally the construct validity is established as the study was successful in measuring the outcome of installation of cameras. The study however lacks external validity. These results cannot be generalized as they deal only with that particular location which is crime prone. A similar study would yield different results where the types and degrees of crime perpetrated as well as the locality is different. The test also possesses three types of reliability. First is the inter-rater reliability. The results showed that the majority of the people were in agreement of the types of crime perpetrated as wel l as the effectiveness of the stationary cameras in combating crime. This result established the inter-rater reliability. The second is the internal consistency reliability. The study showed that the majority of the people answered positively on the use of cameras as well as the reduction in crime rate after the installation. The study however lacks the test-retest reliability. The results of the study were obtained during a single occasion. As

The Right to Euthanasia for the Terminally Ill Essay

The Right to Euthanasia for the Terminally Ill - Essay Example This position will be arguable from various points. To begin with, the right to life is one of the universal laws. This means that individuals possess the entitlement to live at all costs. However, this is a fundamental argument that does not address issues further than the same. It is arguable that the previous lives relied on fundamental laws in order to steer their vast lives. This helped compromise on a significant part of their lives. A possible example concerns with the concentration in trade that triggered creating laws on associations and trade. This is because the world was moving from the agricultural age to industrial one. This recognizes the fact that advancement of society requires legislations of new laws in order to accommodate the same (Forman & Scumann, 2008). In these laws, there was the recognition that there was more to life than just the same. This means that quality of life was more vital than survival. Individuals underwent substantial suppression in the event of satisfying the fundamental entitlement of life. Their cases of oppression became invalid to the respective governments as long as they had their life. This means that when quality of life ceases, it becomes rational to seek other ways (White, 2005). In the cases of individuals, who are under substantial pain and chronic illness, they deserve termination of lives. In most cases, individuals consent to their deaths. This refers to the concept of assisted death. In archaic sense, individuals’ rights were based on their relation to the societal sense. This means that society first received its entitlements before the individuals acquired the same. However, society has been known to be an abstract term that does not entail substantial information about the same. This led to the jeopardy of individuals’ life for the sake of society’s heritage (Dyck, 2005). The focus of the new strategy regarded a focus on individuals’ scenarios. This led to the elimination o f the idea that all individuals could hold the same rights. In turn, legal bodies enhanced laws for specific scenarios and individuals. In this case, even legal entities had their laws that could deviate from the main legal requirements of the country or governable units. In turn, individuals may consent to their own termination of life. In this case, one’s personal rights surpassed national laws that could jeopardize one’s own quality of life. It is vital to note that one’s won personal reasons would be valid because they would request for euthanasia. In fair legal scenarios, national laws would be invalid in guiding such scenarios because such individuals would not live with satisfaction. In addition, it is vital to consider the scenario and the rights of family members in case of relatives in case of relatives in indeterminable coma. In such cases, such family members share deep financial and psychological stress (Gorsuch, 2009). The patients do not face any psychological stress since they would be in numb states. The problem of such scenarios concerns the fact that medicine describes life as a simple life of breathing. It is notable that most patients, in indeterminable coma, never rise up to life again. In such situations, relatives bear financial burden that would rive them to debts. Most governments, who enforce the right to life, would not subsidize such fees. In addition, the families face psychological str

Reflection on Development of Advanced Communications Skills Essay

Reflection on Development of Advanced Communications Skills - Essay Example While pursuing the course, I learnt that an effectual flow of communication with the multidisciplinary teams delivers the skill range in order to comply with the complex requirements of the mentally ill patients which ultimately improve the teams’ permanence of care. The legal as well as ethical context within which mental healthcare is delivered is primarily based upon certain principles which include autonomy, justice, beneficence and non-maleficence (Gamble and Brennan, 2006). From the learning outcomes gained during the course, I was able to determine the various frameworks within which mental healthcare is organised and delivered with the intention to promote service collaboration as well as coordination for the people with mental healthcare requirements and also encourages ‘best practice management’ along with care coordination. I found that the framework focuses upon two important factors relating to mental healthcare settings which include service delivery and clinical care. From the perspective of service delivery, the guidelines include the service range, staffing, training and development, quality along with performance management. In terms of clinical care with regard to mental health, the guidelines include the assessment of healthcare, treatment and inpatient care (Chisholm & Stewart, 1998). The aforementioned discussion helped me to acquire a detailed understanding about the ethical context along with the frameworks within which the mental healthcare is organised and delivered through the course of the year. In the course of my training, I was able to reach to a standpoint which related to the formation of an effective communication with the multidisciplinary... This paper stresses that the mentioned factors are considered to be quite essential for ensuring safety and care of the patients in a mental healthcare setting. Though it leads to positive outcomes but there are certain barriers which significantly affect while building an effectual form of communication. The barriers can be the level of hierarchy, generational dissimilarities, changing levels of qualifications as well as status, disruptive behaviours, personality distinctions and culture along with ethnicity. These kinds of barriers can generally occur between different professionals that include nurses, physicians and the surgeons among others. In order to develop effective communication in future with the specific professionals as well as the multidisciplinary colleagues related with mental healthcare situations, it is quite necessary to overcome the communication barriers. This paper makes a conclusion that the different communication barriers can be worked out through using the apt communication channel, avoiding information overload, forming simple operational structures with minimum hierarchy level, minimising the differences relating to individual qualifications, status and personality. The proper execution of the above factors will ultimately lead towards future development of effective communication with the specific professionals, outside agencies and multidisciplinary teams. Thus, it can be stated that the outcomes of the course has assisted me to gain better understanding about making effective plans for future development in mental healthcare conditions.

Cooking - Sauce Essay Example for Free

Cooking Sauce Essay Choose the most appropriate answer for each question.Shade your choice on the Objective Answer Sheet. 1. Egg whites will whip up into a better foam if a) they are at room temperature b) they are well chilled c) they have small amount of baking soda added to them d) they have small amount of oil added to them 2. Which of the following combination is incorrect ? a) Cinnamon-bank b) Cumin-seed c) Marjoram-root d) Clove-bud 3. Potato is a a) starch b) vegetables c) both a and b d) neither a nor b 4. Which of the following terms is associated with broiling? a) low heat b) tender food items c) slow d) all of the above 5. Deglazing takes place after a) broiling b) grilling c) deep-frying d) sautà ©ing 6. Which of the following might produce a cloudy stock? a) Using the fresh bone b) Covering the pot c) Skimming frequently d) Simmering gently 7. ____________are made from forcemeats of poultry or game wrapped in the skin of the bird and poached in an appropriate stock. a) Quenelles b) Pate c) Terrine d) Gelatine 8. When making mayonnaise,it is essential to ____________. a) Beat the egg yolks well in a bowl b) Have all the ingredients as cold as possible c) Use highly flavoured ingredients d) Add the boil all at once 9. The_________ of a slice of meat determines its cooking time. a) thickness b) grade c) weight d) age 10. Which of the following thick soups are most likely to contain seafood? a) cream soup b) purees c) bisque d) potages 11. Vegetables are least likely to be__________ . a) poached b) braised c) boiled d) deep fried 12. _________ can protect a roast from drying while cooking. a) cooking it fat side up b) barding c) larding d) all of the above 13. To make a white roux with 250gm of butter,you will need a) 500 ml cornstarch b) 125 gm flour c) 250 ml flour d) 250 gm flour e) 14. Which of the following is not a function of fats in baked goods? a) to give firmness to the structure b) to add moistness c) to give crust color d) to increase product qualities 15. Artichokes and asparagus are considered as a) cabbage family b) shoots c) leafy vegetables d) onion family 16. A liaison is added to a sauce __________. a) at any time during cooking b) at the beginning of cooking c) just before the sauce is reduced d) at the end of cooking 17. Which of the following is least likely to be found in a sachet? a) bay leaf b) garlic c) peppercorn d) dried thyme 18. A prawn is a ___________. a) large shrimp b) green shrimp c) crustacean d) both a and c 19. Which of the following would generally not to be served with fish a) caper sauce b) lemon butter sauce c) demi glace d) tartare sauce 20. Which is the best answer that describes the effects of heat to food composition i. Proteins coagulate ii. Sugar caramelize iii. Water evaporates iv. Fat solidify v. Starches gelatinized a) i only b) i and ii only c) i,ii,iii and v d) all the above PART B TRUE AND FALSE Shade the letter ‘T’ if the statement is True and ‘F’ if the statement is False on the True/False Answer Sheet. 1. Bones that are exposed to air during cooking will turn dark and this will discolour the stock. 2. Broth and bouillon refer to simple,clear soups without solid ingredients. 3. Low temperature produces the best cooked eggs. 4. Yeast is a non living microscopic plant. 5. A heavy whipping cream has a fat content between 36%-40%. 6. In standard breading procedure moist items should be held longer before to extract moisture. 7. Red snapper is a type of fresh water fish. 8. Hard cheeses,such as parmesan can be grated easily. 9. A squab is a young pigeon with light and tender meat. 10. Marbling separates muscle fibers making them easier to chew. 11. The market form of whole fish usually has had the viscera removed. 12. All kind of scraps can be used in stocks at all time with no exception. 13. Rigor mortises is the stiffness in an animals muscles,due to chemical changes in the flesh. 14. The compound that colors red vegetables red is carotenoids. 15. The neck and back of a chicken is the best bones for stock making. 16. A classical Tomato Sauce is made with roux. 17. In order to obtain the maximum volume from whipped eggs white,all traces of fat must be eliminated. 18. The term dressing also refers to â€Å"food stuff† that is baked separately. 19. The chef cold larder supervises the cold meat department and breading of meats,fish and seafood. 20. Whole spices take shorter time to release its flavour. PART D SHORT ESSAY Answer ALL questions. QUESTION 1 Explain why sauces that are finished with butter must be served immediately. The sauce should then be served immediately if it is allowed to stand,the butter may separate. QUESTION 2 Name and explain the three(3) ingredients that made up a sauce. -A liquid ,which is the body of the sauce. -A thickening agent -An additional seasoning and flavouring ingredients. QUESTION 3 Names the five(5) important parts of meat tenderloin and briefly describe the characteristics of the meat. 1-chateaubriand 2-fillets 3-tornedos 4-fillet migaou 5-goulash QUESTION 4 Give the definitions of herbs and spices.Name four(4) spices and four(4) herbs that are commonly used in cookery. Herbs are the leaves of certain plants used in flavouring.The examples of herbs are thymes,bay leaves,rosemary and basil. Spices are any part of plant,other than that,the leaves used in flavouring.The examples of spices are celery seeds,cumin seeds,caraway seeds and cloves. QUESTION 5 List the four(4) basic ingredients of clear meat. i. Lean ground meat ii. Egg white iii. Mirepoix iv. Acid ingredients QUESTION 6 What is different between marbling and barding? Marbling is fat deposited within muscle tissue while barding is tying slices of fat over the surface of meat to protect them while roasting.

UKs Economy in Europe Essay -- Economics Economy England United Essay

UK's Economy in Europe When one talks about a strong economy, a few key economic indicators will get mentioned; inflation, unemployment and economic growth. These are considered the three main macroeconomic indicators of any economy. To define a strong economy in the simplest form you must have a low rate of inflation, low unemployment and steady economic growth. During this essay there will be comparisons between other European countries (e.g. France, Germany, Luxemburg, Belgium, Spain, Italy) and these economic indictors mentioned as well as others. We will start to look at inflation rates. "The British economy has slowed over the past 12 months, but remains among the strongest in the developed world, a report has said" (BBC News Online). Last month the Underlying rate of inflation in the UK remained unchanged at 2.3%, which is below the governments target rate of 2.5%, this is good for the economy. The headline rate of inflation, which includes mortgage interest payments, fell last month by 0.4% to 1.7%. These figures show the rate at which prices are increasing. When we compare the UK's annual inflation figure of 1.2% to that of Germany and France (-0.6% in October), which is around the 2% mark, it seems that our rate is quite low and therefore good for our economy. The Eurozone inflation is expected to be 2.1%; this is measured by the Monetary Union Index of Consumer Prices (MUICP). By looking at this we can see that this figure is very close to the UK's inflation rate. On the whole inflation in the UK is at a lower rate than that of its European neighbours, which is an indicator of a strong economy. When we look at unemployment in the UK we can see that it is around 900,000 or 2.3%. This is the lowest it has been since the 1970's and is at a lower percentage rate than Japan and the USA. Germany who has recently announced that they have just entered a recession has a very high rate of unemployment at around 8.0% and France, Finland and Spain even higher. The UK, Netherlands and Luxemburg are amongst the lowest unemployment rates in Europe. "Unemployment is up again in France and Germany, in a sign that the eurozone's two biggest economies are still in the grip of a downturn" (BBC News Online). France and Germany have the largest economies in Europe and recent figures show that unemployment increased by 15,000 a... ...ong performance is reflected by such indicators as solid growth and forecasts for next year predicting an annual growth of 2.75% - 3.75%. Inflation currently at 2.3% is lower than forecasted which is a strong indicator for a strong economy. Our unemployment is at the lowest it has been since the 1970's and lower than that of the two biggest economies in the world at present at 2.3% or around 900,000. Interest rates are remaining unchanged at 4%, which is low, and the reason for the British economy having a firm housing market. The UK's main economic problem is the manufacturing output. It could be argued that this sector of the economy is in recession after figures of negative growth in the last two quarters. As a result of this the UK is suffering from an all time high trade deficit, which is also due to the high value of the pound. But overall the UK economy is in a good state taking into advantage the global economic slowdown which is going on around it. References: www.bbc.co.uk Sources:  · www.bbc.co.uk  · www.bized.ac.uk  · www.europa.eu.int  · www.ukonline.gov.uk  · The Daily Mail Newspaper  · The Business Environment - Brooks/Weatherston

Furman Selz

The firm had a unique approach to everything – from hiring employees, selecting clients to providing services. As the firm grew in size and in revenues, its founders realized the need for professional management. This brought about the very first change – in form of Edmund Hails. With a highly structured and consistent approach, Hajji set out to re-form the entire system and expand the company with the help of Steve Belcher, COO.The new P&L's (Profit ; Loss system) and Compensation system were Ingredients of this change management process. During the acquisition process, Farman Sell witnessed drastic culture hinges from the Orlando Clan culture to a Bureaucracy one. Farman Sell was acquired by Xerox Financial Services Inc. In 1987. On one hand, the people of Farman Sell were put-off by the bureaucratic style and on the other hand, the firm enjoyed being under the umbrella of a big brand.Following the ‘Black Monday' of 1987, the financial services sector was badly hit and even though the performance of Farman Sell was above average, Xerox decided to sell its financial services unit and once again, Farman Sell became a private company owned by the firm's management and a group of employees. Edmund Hajji took over the reins and quickly distributed company stocks to key employees in order to retain them. The firm then focused on aggressive hiring of new talent and expansion of Its business.Farman Sell became a very sought-after company to work with. In 1995 the Federal Reserve relaxed the Glass-Steal regulations, which had emerged as a way to control the banking industry after the Great Depression. Then there were few restrictions when commercial banks want to combine with security business and vice versa. As a result, many mid-sized investing banks were looking to merge with larger rims and therefore attain growth and the possibility to participate in larger deals.As business grew across various dimensions, Farman Sell realized that they were à ¢â‚¬Ëœt competitive and they lost a lot of deals because of smaller size of the firm, limited equity and the businesses that were increasingly becoming global, especially when there was huge growth In mergers and acquisitions. This Is when INNING Barings acquired Farman Sell, pursuing an international expansion strategy in both banking and Insurance. The acquisition made by INNING shows clear failures in the 3-Stages Model of Merges and Acquisitions.In the first stage, â€Å"Pre-Combination†, there Is a lack of the cultural assessment needed by the HRS department. It Is needed to evaluate the philosophies and values of both companies, and therefore understand among toners, ten learning styles, relative value AT stats Consolers or ten value AT teamwork versus the individual performance and recognition. Thus, it would be easier for both companies to develop a plan for managing the process of the M;A. In the INNING case, there seems to be a lack of this pre-combination assessmen t, in that the company wanted to climb up the rankings without investing more money.They din ‘t understand that the company the day before the acquisition was the same as the day after. INNING Barings had most of its business in commercial banking and insurance, with absolutely no business lines in areas of Investment banking. Almost immediately, tension started developing between managers of INNING Barings and Farman Sell because there were differences in agreement on key business issues. The complexities in structure of INNING were not taken well by former Farman Sell employees.Regarding the second stage, â€Å"Combination-Integrating the Company', there are several decisions that would help n the process of the acquisition. Firstly, there was no integration manager, who is a key person – not in running of the business, but in attaining a higher percentage of retention of the acquired managers and key employees and at the same time in achieving the business goals ear lier. Second, INNING group decided to have 2 co-leaders in the new company and this created confusion. The workers felt that they din ‘t understand the expectations that INNING had.In order for a M&A to succeed, it is necessary to have a strong leader who can manage the new business combination ND avoid uncertainty, lack of direction and the adjournment of important decisions. In this second stage, clear and positive communication is extremely important. It is also necessary to identify key employees and develop the incentives process in order to retain them. It is evident that INNING did not realize the importance of investing time and money into the newly formed relationship with Farman Sell resulting in failure to achieve common ground while making business decisions.Lack of communication usually leads to confusion, reduced productivity, a high level of uncertainty and low morale. The situation was worsened by the departure of key management personnel, one after the other, in a very short span of time. The problem can be attributed to poor integration post acquisition. It seems that INNING understood who the key players were, and positioned them in different departments, such as Steve Blob (Research), Bill Shutter and Chris Moore (Corporate Finance), who along with Bill Torsos were called the â€Å"troika† and developed a new incentive system to ease the complexity created.The problem arose when as a consequence of the Russian debt crisis, only a small number of top performers received bonuses and most of other employee din t receive anything, even though INNING Barings had no part in the Russian problem. As a result of pessimism and the problems with bonuses, many talented people left the company. Statistics reveal that about 70-80% of mergers fail to provide value to the company. The people driving the business are the single most important factor determining the success of a merger or acquisition and this fact cannot be ignored.The 6th Princ iple for Managing Change shows us the importance of the different stakeholders in the company when it under goes changes. The company needs to understand who are these key stakeholders and prioritize them. While the senior management of Farman Sell was supporting the acquisition there were many employees across several levels of management that fold under the category of Skeptics. I nose are ten people winos n seas nave to De reassess Tort smooth transitioning. Looking at the Change Curve we see several reactions of employees of Farman Sell – from initial shock to denial and anger.It is evident from the fact that people felt betrayed when they realized that they were ;t going to be an independent subsidiary. At the same time, HRS personnel at Farman Sell were not forth coming in haring information, because they were angry at how things had been handled. Finally, everything led to Depression, when a lot of key employees left the company. If INNING had invested sufficient money and effort towards smooth integration, the curve could follow the intended path to acceptance, discovery and integration.Now that Farman Sell has already been acquired by INNING Barings, we strongly recommend that INNING invests additional funds as well as effort for a smooth integration and sustainability. This includes looking into various issues: * Management issues * Talent recruitment, compensations and rewards Alignment of HRS policies * Defining a vision for the newly acquired company * Identifying procedures that work well with both parties * Identifying cultural barriers to progress In addition, internal communication is also a critical tool.A seamless communication will ensure that people do not become pessimistic and lose confidence. It will reassure employees and instill a greater sense of belonging. In cases of M & A, involving cross-border deals, cultural differences, legislative complexities, local know- how and ways of doing business all provide obstacles to smooth transitioning and progress. A lot more sensitivity is required when affecting such deals – both pre acquisitions as well as post-acquisition.For example, the newly formed teams may face inter-personal conflict and not be clear about its responsibilities and goals. Ideally, post an acquisition, efforts should be made to allow the acquired firm retain its best management practices and values that are important to its managers. This will help create greater harmony in operations. In addition, a feedback taken from different levels of management can help identify problem areas and allow senior managers find ways to resolve them.

Essay on Possible Development on Contemporary Arts Organization

Organizations all over the world are not without problems and difficulties as they face change on a daily basis while trying to keep their traditions and ideals intact. This is most true with organizations that focus on the traditional market/services while having to unite those services with modern innovations. When we say innovations these does not only pertain to certain technological tangible equipments but it can also mean new processes, means and even situations that can only be created by today’s advancing times.Because of this, it is imperative for organizations to have some plan or strategy that would help them stay afloat without sacrificing what they regard as their purpose. An example would be how the traditional art scene have rapidly decreased in activity because of the more â€Å"cool† contemporary arts or worse, because there are other places people can go to like malls and bars instead of being patrons of artistic ventures or exhibits.Going back, these so called problems that organizations face would be the tremendous growth in diversified clients, members and patrons that tends to create a cultural gap between the members and even the leaders who are handling the organizations. This is most true in many forms and types of organizations but for specificities’ sake, this discussion will focus on the contemporary art organizations that cater to very diverse tastes, attitudes and philosophies.Art, after all, can be regarded as a means of freedom of expression and this is most especially true in today’s art scene wherein freedom of expression is not only an option, it is a necessity. Because of the varied and eclectic people that compose the different art organizations around the world, problems arise on the context that too much diversity can cause confusion among the members which is evidently caused by the wide cultural gap not just between one or two persons but even among everyone who are part of said organization.T his diversity and wide cultural gap is of course caused by how tremendous globalization has been that in one art scene or organization, people from different parts of the state, country and even the world would collate to form that single group. Thus, it is essential that organizations keep in mind certain things if they want to survive such a fast-paced world and if they want to even expand in population and improve in terms of their products, projects and provisions.Of the many discussions and articles that other people have written on different important aspects of organizations, there are some which are enlightening and which are sensible and yet people, mostly leaders and management teams, forget or altogether ignore such aspects. These aspects are mostly centred on the following: lack of purpose of the organization, failure to properly pinpoint the cause of the problem and finally, need for effective strategies that would solve the problem.Lack of Purpose of the Organization I n the article of Wheatley (2008), she describes why terrorists groups are one of the finest examples of organizations in the world as they have a single unifying purpose in their agenda. This metaphor for the best organization is rather unusual and even uncomfortable as terrorists groups create horror around the world with their vendettas but Wheatley (2008) does have a point when she says that they are â€Å"among the most effective and powerful organizations in the world today†.What she presents is an analysis on why terrorist networks have no means to â€Å"formal power, advanced technology, large budgets, or great numbers of followers† and yet, they manage to cause such a strong impact that they are â€Å"changing the course of history† (Wheatley, 2008). This is where one of the most fundamental aspects of any organization should have is presented and it lies in the presence of an â€Å"ideal or purpose that gives them a group identity which compels them to act† (Wheatley, 2008).What Wheatley insists on is true, most especially if it is applied in contemporary arts organizations wherein much passion and ideals are present but sometimes misplaced or even divided. The problem with arts organizations all over is that they have too diversified output for their passions that there is no commonality or unity among what they want, what they want done and what they would like to do in the future.Because terrorist groups have such commonality in their purpose, whatever action or â€Å"project† they undertake, it is almost always successful that the world is compelled to watch or prod on their â€Å"projects†. In the arts scene, passion for the art itself can be their common cause and identifying what do they want to achieve with their organization can make their group more efficient and active; as what Wheatley (2008) wrote, â€Å"As networks mature, they are fuelled more by passion than by information.† Failure to P roperly Pinpoint the REAL Cause of the Problem The advice that Wheatley gave on how to have such a successful organization is to have a unified purpose from such diversified members of the group. This is tremendously connected to another possible means in which to have an efficient and effective organization and that is to acknowledge that a problem exists in the group and that the problem is most likely the persistence of misunderstanding caused by cultural gap.According to Hofstede (2005), problems in art organizations usually arise from the fact that there is too much diversity among cultures and that management groups of the organization are remiss in admitting that that is indeed the problem: â€Å"Many leaders do not wish to acknowledge the possibility of a cross-cultural communication problem in international dealings. If negotiations go wrong they blame others or†¦themselves, never the culture gap. † (Hofstede, 2005) The picture than Hofstede painted is common bu t not unsolvable.What leaders of such organizations should do is admit that that is the problem and that they should think up of strategies that would effectively solve those problems—but that will be discussed later on the essay. With all these difficulties that diversity of culture presents, would it not be better to just have a common art organizations among people who have the same culture? This is not entirely the case for culture does not just mean belonging to the same ethnic background of certain group of people, the culture here encompasses a commonality among a certain group of people.Thus, the people who are into the arts have their own culture but then again, there is also a different culture that separates the visual from the performance arts and even that of the traditional from the contemporary forms of art. This means that there is a diversity of culture within a culture within a culture. This scene is inevitable as how Halbreich (2001) puts it, â€Å"We†™ve just crossed into a new century in which the rate and dimension of change promises to test all our powers of invention†.This new century is the modern times; these powers of invention are the possible ventures that we may undertake to support such cultural diversity. However, it is important to note that cultural diversity is not bad; it is the cultural gap that it creates which is the unpleasant and unfortunate factor. Thus, how do we solve this cultural gap among members of organizations? This is discussed in how management groups should have effective strategies that address the problem and this strategy usually starts in something very simple: admit that there is a problem. The Need for Effective Strategies That Would Solve the ProblemWhen Hofstede (2005) claimed that leaders do not acknowledge the presence of cultural gap, Halbriech (2001) provided the answer to how to solve this: â€Å"We must adapt to become a filter, through which some of these competing worldvi ews can be debated and new communities established. † Organizations becoming a â€Å"filter† mean that it is through them that people would be able to identify where they would want to go and belong to (in terms of patronizing an arts organization) and then zeroing on those identified aspects that leaders would be able to establish a permanent community or organization for them.Thus, what leaders should do is recognize the needs (and sometimes, even wants) of the members, build around those needs and cater to them. For example, Ritzer et al. (2008), isolates a particular problem with the diverse culture in arts organizations wherein the problem is that local colour or culture fails to be reflected in the organization. This just means that they focus too much on a global standard without thinking that the organization should also reflect the â€Å"character of the geographic locales† (Ritzer et al. , 2008).If what Ritzer et al. say is true, then it means that the needs and wants of the immediate members of the organizations are ignored which creates a gap or misunderstanding among the group. A great example in trying to come up with strategies in solving gaps in arts organizations can be seen in the illustration of Halbreich (2001): â€Å"We aim to magnify the ways in which visitors†¦can become more active participants in a series of memorable experiences based on discovering links between art and life, as well as among artistic disciplines.† This illustration demonstrates how the art organization presented by Halbreich is very ideal in the sense that they manage to have a standard or purpose in mind (which is for the visitors to become participants in viewing the art) while thinking about the condition of the other end as well (by considering the real life situation of the audience) and linking the two together. ConclusionIn conclusion, difficulties in arts organizations are inevitable since the members and patrons are varied an d diverse in culture and attitude. Difficulties of such organizations are usually caused by cultural gaps in the group but they can be solved and remedied by admitting that there is a problem caused by the gap, and proving necessary strategies that addresses the issue while maintain true to the ideals of the group.However, one cannot help but think that Wheatley is most correct in her suggestion of addressing the overall issue in arts organizations—development and growth of the group, maintain diversity in the organization, and staying on track with the ideals of the organization—which is having a firm passion in the purpose of the organization since everything else would naturally follow suit. References Cummings, S. (2008). Strategy: past, present and future. The Sage Handbook of New Approaches in Management and Organization. SAGE: Singapore. pp. 184-216 Halbreich, K. (2001). Inventing new models for the museum and its audiences. Curating Now: Imaginative Practice/Public Responsibility. Philadelphia Exhibitions Initiative: Philadelphia. pp. 67-79. Hofstede, G.J. (2005).   A bridge requires a gap. Introduction to Business Communication. Peter Lang Publishing Group: Frankfurt. pp. 163-170. Lustig, M.W. et al. (2005). Introduction to cultural patterns and intercultural communication. Introduction to Business Communication. Peter Lang Publishing Group: Frankfurt.   pp. 171-182. Ritzer, G. et al. (2008). Empty organizations. The Sage Handbook of New Approaches in Management and Organization. SAGE: Singapore. pp. 215-216. Wheatley, M. (2008). Learning about networks from terrorists. The Sage Handbook of New Approaches in Management and Organization. SAGE: Singapore. pp. 178-179.